称心常识网Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
一.重点短语
1. the Lantern Festival 元宵节
2. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
3. the Water Festival 泼水节 4. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐
5. put on five pounds 体重增加了五磅 lose weight减肥
6. in two weeks 两星期之后 7. be similar to… 与…….相似
8. throw water at each other 互相泼水 9. in the shape of… 呈…的形状 10. folk stories民间传说故事 11. lay out摆开;布置
12. the story of Chang，e嫦娥的故事 13. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
14. have good luck in the new year在新的一年里有好运气
15. end up最终成为;最后处于 end up with以…结束
16. share sth with sb 与…分享… 17. as a result结果
18. one … the other… (两者中)一个…另一个… 19. care about 关心
20. dress up 乔装打扮 21. haunted house 鬼屋
22. play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 23. give out 分发 give up放弃
24. trick or treat (万圣节用语)不给糖果就捣蛋
25. light candles 26. the importance of…的重要性
27. take sb around…=show sb around…带某人到处走走
28. warn sb to do sth.警告某人做某事
warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事
29. the beginning of new life 新生命的开始
30. remind sb of … 使某人回想起…
31. promise to do sth.承诺做某事 32. treat sb. with. 用/以…对待某人
二．重点句型
1. What do/does+sb. + think of sth. ?
例：What does Wu Yu think of this festival?
2.宾语从句(P55) （复习直接引语和间接引语）
一．连词
a.陈述语序(that) b.一般疑问句(if 或whether) c.特殊疑问句(5w,1h)二．陈述语序 三.时态
可跟that从句做宾语的动词：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等
例：I don’t know what they are looking for.
-注意：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
例：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
-注意：由whether,if 引导的宾语从句 由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的,意思是“是否”。
例：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.
-注意：当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
例：The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
。
感叹句
一、感叹句用法：表示说话人的强烈的感情。
二、结构：What＋(a / an)＋形容词＋名词＋（主语＋谓语）！ 例如：
1)What a cold day (it is)! 今天天气真冷啊！
2)What an old house (it is)! 这间房子真老啊！
3）What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊！
4）What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊！
5）What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！
6）What happy children (they are)!孩子们多快乐啊！
7)What nice air (it is)! 空气真好啊！
8)What delicious food (it is) !多好吃的食物啊！
9）What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊！
但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如：
What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！
What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！
What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！
2. How＋形容词／副词＋（主语＋谓语）！例如：
6)How cold （it is ）today! 今天天气真冷啊！
7)How happy （the children are）! 孩子们真愉快啊！
8)How hard （the student works）! 这个学生学习多努力啊！
9)How well （Mr Zhao teaches ）！赵先生教得多好啊！
10)How happily (the boys are playing)！那些男孩们玩得多开心啊！
11） How well you look! 你气色真好!
12）How kind you are! 你心肠真好!
13）How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!
14）Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!
15）How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊！
16）How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！
17）How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊！
①It’s an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。
→What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊！
②It’s wonderful weather. 天气很好。
→What wonderful weather! 天气真好！
③He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。
→How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊！
④Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。
→How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快
要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的many， much， little， few，遇此情况要用how，即使它们后面跟有名词：
How many books he has！ 他的书真多！
How much money he gave her！ 他给了她好多钱呀！
How little money I have！ 我的钱多么少呀！
How few friends he has！ 他的朋友真少！
比较：What a little box it is！ 多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）
练习一
1 _________clever girl she is! A What a B What C How a D how
2 __________interesting story it is! A What an B What a C How an D How
3 _______ honest children they are! A What B What a C How a D How
4 ____________flowers they are!A What beautiful B What a beautiful C How beautiful D How a beautiful
5 ___________ it is today! A How cold B What cold C How a cold D What a cold
6 ___________bad the weather is! A How B What C What a D How a
7 ______________good news it is ! A How B What a C How a D What
8 _____________the sunshine is! A What a bright B How a bright C How bright D what bright
9 ___________ he writes. A How good B How well C What good D What well
10 ____________ LiLei runs! A What fast boy B What fast C How fast D How a fast
11_______ hard he works！ A How B What
12 which is true?
A How tall the buildings are! B What tall the buildings are! C How tall buildings they are! D what a tall buildings they are!
13 __________ it is raining! A How heavily B What heavy C How heavy
14 ____ delicious the dish is! A. What B. How C. What a
15 ____ strange clothes he is wearing! A. What a B. What C. How a
16 ____ interesting subject it is! A. What an B. How C. What
17 ____ foggy it was yesterday! A. What B. What a C. How
18____ careless a boy you are! A. How B. What a C. What
19 _________ wonderful time we have had. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
练习二
1. _______ bad weather! We have to stay in. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
2. _______ strong wind! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
3. _________ big the tree is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
4. _________ interesting story it is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How a
5. _________ nice they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
6. _________ beautiful the flower is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
7. _________ hard the people are working!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
8. _________ good boy he is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
9. _________ funny the little boy is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
10. _________ hot the water is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
练习三
1.____ a nice watch it is!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
2. ____ bright girls they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
3. ____ interesting the film is! A. What B. What an C. How
4. ____ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk. A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
5. ____ hard work it is! A. How B.What C. What a D. What an
6. ____ day it is! It’s rainy again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine
练习四
1. _______ carefully the boy does his homework! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how
3. ________ cheap these clothes are! I’d like to buy some for my son. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
4. _______ fools they were! They believed what the girls said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
5. _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
6. I miss you very much. _______ I want to see you! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
7. Oh, ________ mistake you’ve made! It’s too bad. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
8. _______ lovely weather we are having these days! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
9. _______ delicious your supper is! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
10. _______ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
I guess that it was a little crowded.
这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句，I guess为主句， it was a little too crowded为省略了引导词that的宾语从句。在复合句中，当主句为一般现在时时，宾语从句可根据其具体情况使用任意适当的时态，
I guess he is a policeman. 我猜想他是个警察:
I hear she went to Beijing by plane yesterday. 我听说昨天她乘飞机去北京了
crowded形容词，意为揭挤的、常构成短语be crowded with. . “被挤满”
The shop near my home is always crowded with people. 我家附近的那家商店总是挤满了人。
crowd动词，“拥挤，群集”
Hundreds of people crowded into the church 数百人拥进了教堂
1. Bill thinks that the races
were not that interesting to watch.
比尔认为那些比赛观看起来并不那么有趣。
were not that interesting to watch意为“观看起来并不那么有趣”， 第二个that 用作副词，强调程度，“如此，那么”。动词不定式to watch在句中作状语:
That problem is not that easy.那个问题没有那么简单。
2. Mary thinks that the teams were fantastic.
玛丽认为那些赛队很棒。
3. Bill wonders whether they’ll have the sweet rice dumplings again next year.
比尔想知道明年他们是否将再吃棕子
wonder此处用作及物动词，“想知道”，相当于want to know。wonder在不同的句式中表达的意思也不同:
后接who, what, why等连接词引导的宾语从句及“疑问词十动词不定式”结构时，“想知道”：
I wonder who that boy is我想知道那个男孩是谁:
②后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时，表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。
I wonder if I could use your mobile phone. 我不知道是否可以用一下你的手机。
③后接that引导的宾语从句以及动词不定式短语时，表示“(对….-)感到惊讶”
I wonder to see her looking so cheerful. 他很惊讶地发现她看上去那么高兴
①wonder作名词时，意为“奇迹;奇观”。
What are the Seven Wonders in the world? 世界七大奇观是什么?
②wonderful形容词，意为”壮观的;奇妙的，精彩的”。
We had a wonderful time in the park last Sunday. 上个星期天我们在公园里玩得很快乐。
whether连词，意为”是否，是不是、引导宾语从句，相当于if
He wonders whether/if it will be fine tomorrow他想知道明天是否会晴天。
辨析: whether与if
①二者都可以引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，一般情况下可以互换。
I don’t know whether/if she can work out the problem我不知道她是否能算出这道难题
②二者在引导宾语从句时， whether可直接与or not连用，而if不可以。
I don’t know whether or not I should go我不知道我应该去还是不应该去。
③if可以引导条件状语从句, “如果”，而whether不可以。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go camping. 如晨明天不下雨，我们将去野营。
④if可以用于虚拟语气中，而whether不可以。
If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 如果我是一只鸟，我会在空中翱翔。
4. Bill and Mary believe that they’ll be back next year to watch the races.
比尔和玛丽相信明年他们将会回来看比赛。
believe此处用作及物动词，意为“相信，认为”。其后既可以直接接名词、代词作宾语，也可以跟that等引导的宾语从句，还可以用believe sb to do sth.的形式。
I don’t believe you. 我不相信你说的话。
I believe that he can win the match. 我相信他能赢得这场比赛。
I believe him to be an honest man. 我相信他是个诚实的人
go to …for a vacation 或 go to …for one’s vacation去……度假
=take a vacation ,说明度假还没有开始，在计划当中
I am going for a vacation to Beijing我要去北京度假。
go on vacation在度假， 说明度假正在进行
I am going on vacation in Beijing. 我正在北京度假。
be on vacation在度假， 说明度假正在进行
I am on vacation in Beijing. 我正在北京度假。
vacation意为“假期”，通常指一次性休假，不管假期有多长，尤指学校的假期。英式英语中常用holiday,
Down sides不好的一面 Eating out 外出就餐
I visited my cousins. I think that we ate five meals a day! I’ve put on five pounds!
我拜访了我的表兄弟们。我想我们一天吃了5顿饭!我都胖了
put on此处意为“增加(体重);发胖”
She can eat what she wants but she never puts on weight. 她能想吃什么就吃什么，但是体重从来不增加。
2d Role-play the conversation. 分角色表演对话。
Clara: Guess what? I’m going to Chiang Mai in two weeks.
Ben: Wow, sounds like fun! But I believe that April is the hottest month of the
year there.
Clara: Yes, that’s true. But there’s a Water Festival from April 13th to 15th.
Ben: I wonder if it’s similar to the water festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.
Clara: Yes, I think so. This is the time of the Thai New Year. People go on the streets to throw water at each other.
Ben: Cool! But why do they do that?
Clara: Because the new year is a time for cleaning and washing away bad things. Then you’ll have good luck in the new year.
克拉拉:猜猜看?一两周后我打算去清迈
本:哇，听起来像很有趣!但我认为在那里四月是一年中最热的月份。
克拉拉:是的，的确如此。但在那里，从4月13日到15日是泼水节。
本:我想知道它是否和云南省傣族的泼水节相似。
克拉拉:是的，我认为是。这个时候是泰国新年。人们到街上去相互泼水。
本:太酷了!但是他们为什么那么做呢？
克拉拉:因为新年是一个用来清扫和洗去不好的东西的时间。然后，在新的一年里你将会有好运
3a Read the passage about Mid-Autumn Festival and answer the questions.
1. How do people celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival?
2. What do mooncakes look like? What meaning do they carry?
3. What story is the reading about?
阅读这篇有关中秋节的文章并回答问题。
1.人们如何庆祝中秋节?
2.月饼看起来像什么？他们寄托什么含义？
3.这篇阅读是关于什么故事的?
Full Moon, Full Feelings
Chinese people have been celebrating Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries. Mooncakes have the shape of a full moon on mid-autumn night. They carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss. There are many traditional folk stories about this festival. However, most people think that the story of Chang’e is the most touching.
月满。情浓
数个世纪以来，中国人一直在庆祝中秋节，吃月饼。月饼是中秋之夜满月的形状。它们寄托着人们对他们所爱与思念的家人的祝福。
关于这个节日有很多传统的民间故事。然而，大多数人认为嫦娥的故事是最感人的。
Chang’e was Hou Yi’s beautiful wife. After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns, a goddess gave him a magic medicine to thank him. Whoever drank this could live forever, and Hou Yi planned to drink it with Chang’e. However, a bad man, Feng Meng, tried to steal the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. Chang’e refused to give it to him and drank it all. She became very light and flew up to the moon.
嫦娥是后羿美丽的妻子。在后羿射下9颗太阳之后，一位女神送给他仙药作为酬谢。无论谁喝了此药便能长生不老，后羿打算和嫦娥一起服用。然而，一个坏人，逢蒙，试图趁后羿不在家之际偷药。嫦娥拒绝把仙药给他，全部吞下了它。她身体变得很轻，飞上月宫。
| in以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，用于一般将来时。对其进行提问，用how soon.What will you be in five years?五年之后你干什么？He will be back in two days. 他两天以后回来。after+一段时间1.以过去为起点的“在一段时间以后”，所以它与过去时连用。He started on Sunday and arrived in Beijing after three days.他星期天动身，3天后到达北京He went home after two days.他两天后回家了。2.当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，它可以与将来时态连用。I’1l be free after Friday. 我星期五之后有空。（Friday具体的日期）He’ll be back after three o’clock.他3点之后回来。（three o’clock为具体的时间）true强调事实与实际情况相符，并非杜撰、捏造的Is it true that he is dead?他死了是真的吗？real强调客观存在，并非想象的或虚构的 Santa Claus isn’t a real person圣诞老人不是一个真实的人物be | similar to“与……相似”。其中similar为形容词，意为“相似的”，无比较级。 | A cat is similar to a tiger in many ways. 猫与虎在很多方面相似have good luck有好运气 |
medicine 不可数名词，意为“药;内服药”。短语take/have the medicine“吃药”。
其形容词形式为medical，意为“医学的;医疗的”
Take the medicine three times a day. 这药一天吃三次。
whoever代词，“无论谁，不管谁”，相当于no matter who，引导让步状语从书句。
I’ll take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。
You can’t go, whoever you are. 不管你是谁，你都不能走。
plan “计划，打算”，其过去式与过去分词均为planned，现在分词为 planning。常见短语:plan to do sth.意为“计划/打算做某事”。
Mr. Brown plans to go fishing after work. 市朗先生计划下班后去钓鱼。
plan也可用作可数名词，意为“计划，打算、常见短语: make a plan/make plans (to do sth. ) “制订计划(做某事)”
make a plan for…(制订)…的计划”。
He is making a plan for the winter vacation. 在制订寒假计划。
They planned to go to England for vacation= They made a plan to go to England for vacation. 他们打算去英国度假。
refuse动词，“拒绝，谢绝，推辞”。其后接动词不定式，即refuse to do sth. ，意为“拒绝做某事、
Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night. One night, he found that the moon was so bright and round that he could see his wife there. He quickly laid out her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden. How he wished that Chang’e could come back!
After this, people started the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families.
后羿悲痛不已，以至于每晚都对着月亮大声呼喊她的名字。一天夜里，他发现月亮是如此亮而圆，以至于他能看到他的妻子就在那里。他飞快地在花园里摆出她最喜欢的水果和点心。他是多么希望嫦娥能回来呀!
call out one’s name大声呼喊某人的名字
lay out意为“摆开;布置”。lay此处用作及物动词，意为“放置;安放、下蛋”。其过去式和过去分词均为laid 现在分词为laying.
the tradition of. . .……的传统” tradition既可用作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词，意为“传统;惯例”。其形容词形式为traditional，意为“传统的”。
admire及物动词，意为“欣赏;仰慕”。常用结构:admire sb./sth“欣赏某人/某事” admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事佩服某人”。
1 admired him very much 我很钦佩他。
We admire her for her bravery. 我们钦佩她的勇敢。
as a result意为“结果;因此”，单独使用，后面一般用逗号与句子隔开。
She worked hard As a result, she passed the exam easily. 她努力学习，因此，她很容易地通过了考试。
as a result of. . . =because of,
She was late as a result of the heavy snow. 他迟到是因为大雪。
不看文章，尽量用正确的单词完成句子。
1. People like to a the full moon on Mid-Autumn night.
2. The story of Chang’e is one of many t stories.
3. Hou Yi got magic m for shooting down the nine suns.
4. Feng Meng wanted to s the medicine.
5. Hou Yi laid out fruits and d in the garden.
入们喜欢在中秋之夜赏满月。
嫦娥的故事是许多传统民间故事之一
后羿因为射下9颗太阳而获得仙药
逢蒙想偷仙药。
后异在花园里摆出水果和点心。
4读下面的短文，画出宾语从句。可能的话，使用宾语从句写出你自己关于母亲节和父亲节的句子。
Do you know that there are two special days for parents in America? One is Mother’s Day on the second Sunday of May and the other is Father’s Day on the third Sunday of June. On these two days, American children oft en give gifts to their parents or take them out for lunch or dinner. Common gifts are flowers and cards for mothers and shirts or ties for fathers. I heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mother’s Day and Father’s Day in China. I wonder if children over there also give similar gift s to their parents. I believe that there are many ways to show our love. Actually, we don’t have to spend a lot of money. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.
亲爱的夏宇，
你知道在美国有两个为父母而设的特殊日子吗?一个是在五月第二个星期天的母亲节，另一个是在六月第三个星期天的父亲节。在这两个日子里，美国的孩子经常给他们的父母送礼物或带他们出去吃午饭或晚饭。常见的礼物有为母亲准备的花和卡片以及为父亲准备的衬衣或领带。我听说在中国庆祝母亲节和父亲节正变得越来越受欢迎。我想知道是否那里的孩子也送给他们的父母类似的礼物。我相信有很多表达我们的爱的方式。事实上，不必花费很多钱。相反，帮父母做事也是个好主意。
What do you think of…=How do you like…?你认为……怎么样？
What do you think of soap operas? =How do you like soap operas? 你认为肥皂剧怎么样?
think of意为“想起;认为;思考”of为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。
I can’t think of his name我想不起他的名字。
They’re thinking of buying a new car. 他们正在考虑买一辆新车
treat用作及物动词，其意义和用法为:
“款待，请客”。常构成短语treat sb. to sth. “请某人吃……”
She treated us to some delicious chicken 她请我们吃了些美味的鸡肉
“看待;当作”，与as连用构成treat… as…短语，意为“把….当作……
Don’t treat me as a child 别把我当作孩子对待。
治疗
Which doctors are treating him for his illness? 那几位医生在为他治疗?
What do you mean by“岛”？=What does“岛”mean?=What’s the meaning of“岛” 请问岛是什么意思？
巧记lie的lay的口诀
躺，位于，存在 lie, lay, lain, lying
撒谎 lie, lied, lied, lying
don’t be a liar;
产蛋，放置，奠定（基础） lay, laid, laid, laying
用lay和lie的适当形式填空：
1、Don’t ______ the glass on the corner of the table.别把玻璃杯放在台角上。
2、The city ______ in the north of China.那座城市位于中国的北部。
3、He’s still ______ in bed. 他还躺在床上。
